Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Development and progression of cancers is multifactorial encompassing several mechanisms that aid its proliferation. One of the hallmarks of cancer progression is inhibition of the immune system. Cancer cells can activate different immune checkpoint are pathways that harbour inhibitory or stimulatory mechanisms that enabled self-tolerance and assist with immune response. Through activation of immune checkpoint pathways cancers can suppress immune response against...

Background: SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) are used in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through increasing urinary glucose secretion. Cases of euglycemic and hyperglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) have been reported in literature in patients using SGLT-2i. Increased glucose urinary excretion promoted by SGLT2i, decreases the production of insulin. In turn, lipolysis and ketone production increase predisposing the patient to developing DKA. It is hypothesised that ...